Genetics and breast cancer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Genetics and breast cancer - Research Paper Example Treatment plans have modified from time to time with the aim to conserve as much as normal breast tissue and reduce the recurrence rates. Different strategies have evolved ranging from modified radical mastectomy to radiation to hormonal and chemotherapy. Having a varied prognosis depending on the histo pathological appearance as well as the grading, staging and receptor status of the breast carcinoma. Early diagnosis and treatment yields better results, while late diagnosis and treatment results in widespread disease. Breast cancer one of the most common and ancient carcinoma in female occurring most commonly in postmenopausal woman and in individuals with BRCA mutation. The screening, diagnosis and treatment are rapidly changing areas with more and more advances in the diagnostic tests and resulting specific therapies depending on the histo-pathological and bio-markers. From diagnosis to treatment it needs a multidisciplinary approach with physicians, radiologists, oncologists, histo-pathologists on board. This article focuses on the etiological factors, genetic mutation, diagnosis, treatment plans and prognostic factors. . Breast cancers being more common in women but can also occur in men and have a poor prognosis as in men there is always delay in diagnosis as opposed to women. Unlike other carcinomas it can be picked up early as it presents with a lump in the breast, for the same reason it has also been documented as an ancient disease as unlike other carcinomas it could become visible and c ould be picked up as a lump in breast. If we look at the above risk factors, most of them can be explained by the fact that excessive exposure to sex hormones can lead to breast cancers. Early onset of menses and late menopause, both of these cases leads to over exposure to sex hormones (same can be explained with obesity). One of the studies being carried out concluded that